Archive for the ‘Egypt’ Category

It has been well over a year since the Arab Spring began sweeping through the Middle East like a stack of dominos. While some states have found a new beginning, many are still struggling to find their identity, let alone stability. Amidst the ongoing turmoil, there has been a lack of political unity and leadership amongst the Arab states. During this commotion, the region’s non-Arab states have been strengthening their claims of regional leadership, leaving the majority Arabs to become mere spectators.  If and when the dust settles on the Arab Spring, will the Arabs find themselves to be pawns in a larger regional competition; one that hasn’t seen a decent Arab contender since the first Gulf War. So, the question arises; who will lead the Arab world? Turkey? Iran? America? Or will we see an Arab leader/nation spring forth?

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This is a fascinating and in-depth documentary series produced by Al Jazeera English, charting the history of the Israeli-Egyptian Peace Treaty. It examines the bold steps taken by the two sides and all the domestic and regional challenges that threatened to break the treaty. With many voices in the current Egyptian regime looking to re-evaluate the status of Egyptian-Israeli relations, this documentary provides valuable context. To watch the full two-part series, use our YouTube playlist.

To read more about the recent troubles threatening the first Israeli-Arab peace treaty, click here.

Most observers have stressed on Israel’s Western support, particularly the United States, as an integral part to its survival in the region. Since its inception in 1948, Israel has had to come to terms with the hostilities of its Arab neighbours, many of whom were against the establishment of the Jewish state on the former British mandate of Palestine and took part in an effort to undo its creation. However, Israeli leaders like David Ben-Gurion, Israel’s first Prime Minister, saw that it a necessity to establish ties with other regional, non-Arab states like Iran, Turkey and Ethiopia, through a policy often referred to as the Periphery Doctrine. With the Islamic Revolution of 1979, this secret and unofficial alliance was called into question; many refer to it as an antique of Israeli foreign policy. As relations with Turkey have soured in the past few years, can we relegate Israel’s Periphery Doctrine to the history books? Or has it simply evolved into something else?

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In a symbolic response to violence between Israel and militants in Gaza last week, Egypt’s lower house of Parliament approved of a text calling for a re-think in Israeli-Egyptian relations, recommending the cessation of gas exports and expelling Israel’s ambassador. Simultaneously, Egypt’s ruling military council assisted the two warring parties in forming a truce as it has done before. It was a conflicting message, one that stems from a topic that has troubled Egyptian society for decades.

A historic peace and a hefty price

The 1978 Camp David Accords were seen as a historic achievement in the Middle East. After four major wars between Israel and the Arab states, Egypt’s President Anwar Sadat signed a peace treaty with the Jewish state. Egypt was considered the leader of the Arab front and its actions were seen as a betrayal of the Arab and Palestinian cause. Egypt was thrown out of the Arab League and isolated by their former allies. On the plus side, Egypt no longer faced a military threat from Israel, gained a new ally in the United States and regained the Sinai Peninsula (lost to Israel in the 1967 Six Day War). Sadat and Israeli PM Menachem Begin even shared the 1978 Nobel Peace Prize.

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