Posts Tagged ‘Arab Spring’

By Frazier Fathers

This past week’s decapitating strike by Syrian opposition forces resulted in the deaths of Defense Minister Dawood Rajiha, his “deputy” Asef Shawkat (Assad’s brother-in law), Assistant Vice President Hassan Turkmani and Hisham Ikhtiar (Syria’s National Security Chief). The brazen bombing showed that the situation in Syria has recently deteriorated much quicker than many expected; the ability of the ever emboldened opposition to strike at the higher echelons of the Syrian regime is becoming a potential game changer. As the situation continues to spiral out of control, reports of ethnic cleansing of neighbourhoods and villages to the driving out of Iraqi refuges are raising sectarian tensions.

With pundits all agreeing that it is not a matter of “if” the Assad regime will fall but rather “when,” attention needs to be paid to what the aftermath of his fall might be. Syria is a divided nation in a divided region, where the majority Sunni population has been repressed at the hands of the Alawites (Shiites). Meanwhile the Kurds of Syria much like Kurds in Iraq and Turkey has suffered years of repression that has led to various nationalistic movements within the group. Smattered between these major groups are enclaves of Druze and Christians who are positioned to be potential targets of reprisal for their years of supporting the Assad regime.

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By Uri Marantz

Iran.  The country is without a doubt one of the most geopolitically sensitive states in the international system.  It is also one of the most challenging and chimerical countries for its immediate neighbours, the region’s rising powers, the world’s great powers and the international community as a whole to fathom.  Just this past weekend (April 14, 2012), the first nuclear talks between the P5+1 (the five permanent members of the U.N. Security Council – China, France, Russia, the U.K., the U.S. – and Germany) and Iran in 15 months took place. During the past decade, subsequent rounds of these talks have led to little or no progress.  The most recent talks in Istanbul have been hailed by the Americans, Europeans and Iranians as ‘constructive and useful’, although nothing of substance was actually achieved at these negotiations.  If the universally positive atmosphere emanating from Istanbul lasts for another month, the real negotiations on Iranian uranium enrichment and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspections will begin in earnest on May 23 in Baghdad.

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In a symbolic response to violence between Israel and militants in Gaza last week, Egypt’s lower house of Parliament approved of a text calling for a re-think in Israeli-Egyptian relations, recommending the cessation of gas exports and expelling Israel’s ambassador. Simultaneously, Egypt’s ruling military council assisted the two warring parties in forming a truce as it has done before. It was a conflicting message, one that stems from a topic that has troubled Egyptian society for decades.

A historic peace and a hefty price

The 1978 Camp David Accords were seen as a historic achievement in the Middle East. After four major wars between Israel and the Arab states, Egypt’s President Anwar Sadat signed a peace treaty with the Jewish state. Egypt was considered the leader of the Arab front and its actions were seen as a betrayal of the Arab and Palestinian cause. Egypt was thrown out of the Arab League and isolated by their former allies. On the plus side, Egypt no longer faced a military threat from Israel, gained a new ally in the United States and regained the Sinai Peninsula (lost to Israel in the 1967 Six Day War). Sadat and Israeli PM Menachem Begin even shared the 1978 Nobel Peace Prize.

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